A child with an articulation disorder will have trouble physically producing specific phonemes. Here are some approaches to help you and your client remediate those tricky phonemes.
Have the child place lips together then puff out air with their voice turned on. Cognate Pair: /p/
The child's tongue tip goes up behind your teeth on the alveloar ridge, have a burst of air and keep their voice on. Cognant Pair: /t/
Have the child place their tongue between teeth and blow air between tongue and teeth and turn their voice on. Cognate pair: /θ/
Have the child round their lips, slide their tongue back, the sides of their tongue make will contact with inside of upper teeth, explode the air pressure with their voice on.
Have the child bring lower lip gently to upper teeth and blow air over lip, voice off. Cognate pair: /v/
Have the child lift the back of their tongue up and release a burst of air, keep voice off. Cognate pair: /k/
Open mouth slightly and push air forward out of your mouth
The child's lips will be retracted in a smile, lift the tongue up, the sides of tongue will make contact with inside of back teeth, and air will pass over the tongue.
Have the child lift the back of their tongue up and release a burst of air, their voice will be turned off. Cognate pair: /g/
Tongue tip behind your upper front teeth on the aleveloar ridge and turn voice on.
Instruct the child to put their lips together then puff out air with voice off. Cognate pair: /b/
Two different positions: bunched and retroflexed - Bunched: Slide the tongue up and back with the sides of the tongue pushing on the inside of the upper molars (large back teeth) ...
Lift tongue tip up towards the alveolar ridge, allow air to flow over the tongue, lips in a smile, voice is off. Cognate pair: /z/
The child will put their tongue tip goes up behind your teeth, produce a burst of air and keep their voice off. Cognate pair: /d/
Have the child round their lips, bring their tongue tip to the alveolar ridge, the sides of the tongue will make contact with inside of upper teeth, explode air pressure as the tip...
Have the child bring their lower lip gently to their upper teeth and blow air over lip with their voice on. Cognate pairs: /f/
Have the child round their lips, pull their tongue back and up, and turn their voice on.
Have the child lift their tongue tip up towards the alveolar ridge, allow air to flow over the tongue, pull their lips into a smile, and voice is turned on. Cognate Pair: /s/
Slide tongue back, round lips, push airflow out of your mouth, voice on. Cognate pair: /ʃ/
Have the child place their tongue gently between their teeth and blow air between tongue and teeth with their voice off. Cognate pair: /ð/